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Effectiveness of edmodo to improve senior high school students’
creative thinking skills in momentum and impulse topics
To cite this article: Y A Hadjarati et al 2020 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1521 022065

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International Conference on Mathematics and Science Education 2019 (ICMScE 2019)
IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
1521 (2020) 022065 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1521/2/022065

Effectiveness of edmodo to improve senior high school
students’ creative thinking skills in momentum and impulse
topics
Y A Hadjarati, A S Arota, Mursalin and A H Odja*
Program Studi Magister Pendidikan Fisika, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Jl. Jend.
Sudirman No. 06, Gorontalo 96128, Indonesia
Corresponding author’s e-mail: abdul.haris.odja@gmail.com

*

Abstract. The study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of e-learning-based innovative
learning set employing Edmodo to improve the senior high school student’s creative thinking
in momentum and impulse learning material. It applied an experimental method with one
group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted in Integrated Senior High School Wira
Bhakti Gorontalo by having 20 students of the class of X IPA 2 as respondents. It was a
research and development type using research stages by Jerold F. Kemp consisting of
determining general instructional goal, analyzing student’s characteristics, determining specific
instructional goals, determining learning materials, determining the pre-test, determining
teaching and learning strategies, media, and sources, coordinating the supporting facilities, and
evaluating (post-test). The developed learning set was syllabus, lesson plan, learning material,
student’s worksheet, and test of creative thinking ability as well as an appropriate assessment
instrument. Data analysis result revealed that there was an improvement of student’s creative
thinking ability proved by the average value of N-Gain for 0,70 in the high category. Based on
the data analysis, it can be concluded that an e-learning-based innovative learning set
employing Edmodo was effective to improve the senior high school student’s creative thinking
in momentum and impulse learning material.

1. Introduction
Education is a whole structural unit as an atmosphere to create valuable individuals from the aspect of
science and technology and faith and piety that will be useful for the future. A school as an institution
that implements education becomes a complete system in achieving goals of the education itself. All
elements of educational level from elementary school to university implement the education in order
to create the best individuals for the Nation’s future.
Learning is the collaboration between regular teaching and learning to study or to investigate
material in order to gain information and to create change for those who do not have the knowledge to
have knowledge. One of the ways is through physics learning in both Junior High School and Senior
High Schools. Physics learning is one of the difficult subjects at each educational level. The difficulty
makes the student’s outcomes in physics subject are low. Even though, after learning physics students
are expected to not only be able to master the concepts (basic thinking skills) but other abilities too
[1]. If it is reviewed from the aspect of motivation and interest, many students love to learn physics,
although many of them also dislike it. This case demands the teacher to be more innovative in
developing the activities in physics learning in order to be favoured by students. The important
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International Conference on Mathematics and Science Education 2019 (ICMScE 2019)
IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
1521 (2020) 022065 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1521/2/022065

elements in learning are learning set applied by the teacher in teaching practices. The Regulation of
The Ministry of Education and Culture Number 65 of 2013 concerning Standard Process of
Elementary School and Junior High School stated that the arrangement of the learning set is a part of a
learning plan. The learning plan is designed in the form of a syllabus and lesson plan referring to
content standards. Besides, in the learning plan, the preparation of media and learning sources,
assessment instruments, and learning scenarios are also conducted. By having a complete and clear
learning set, it is expected the learning process can be implemented based on the goals.
Learning set is all equipment that will become the references for a teacher in performing teaching
and learning practices either in the classroom or out of the classroom. The learning set is a collection
of learning sources that allow students and teachers in learning activities [2]. The learning set includes
Lesson Plan, Student’s Worksheet, Teacher Book, Student Book, and test of learning achievement.
The learning set involves all teacher and student activities as well as learning media and materials that
will be used in the learning process. A set of learning from the very beginning to the end of class is
clearly covered in the learning set.
Currently, the technology is rapidly developed and without any positive control to encounter it,
which is also expected from education [3]. From the observation that has been conducted, about 60%
of students have already had personal computers or laptops. The percentage of gadget/Android usage
among them is almost 100%. This case is directly proportional to their knowledge of technology, for
example, the use of the internet. The high intensity of the use of the internet affects their authorization
of technology development. Yet, from a different point of view, the development of technology is
considered bringing damage to student’s achievement in school. This paradigm appears because many
student’s learning achievements and outcomes decrease due to their uncontrolled activities in utilizing
technology. It is proved by observation result, which shows that the intensity of laptop/gadget usage
connected with the internet is preferred to access the social media and online game rather than to
access the learning material. Without realizing it, if it is continuously used, internet usage will
influence the student’s learning achievement significantly. One of the ways to reduce the negative
impact of internet use is by maximizing the e-learning to support the learning in school.
The most important element is to stimulate and to direct the students to study [4]. However, in this
era with the rapid development of technology, there are still some teachers who implement less
creative ways to teach, for example, books or lecturing. Even though the learning set has covered
certain learning model and media, but not all learning set is conducted appropriately. Therefore,
developing a learning set that is proper to be used in current development needs to be conducted in
order for a teacher to be creative in managing the classroom and students become creative in following
the learning practices [5]. Hence, it is expected to affect the increase of creative thinking ability in
physics concepts because creative thinking is one of the important components of 21st-century
learning that needs to be had and improve [6].
The development of the learning set, which is considered as an alternative is e-learning because it
is appropriate for the development of technology. The biggest expectation is that the development of
technology can influence the development of education significantly to the student’s success. Through
the utilization of Edmodo, the learning material and teacher’s assessment system to the student’s
learning achievement can be synchronized in e-learning media. The less attractive learning process of
physics can create boredom to follow the learning process. Therefore, it influences the student’s
learning achievement significantly. There is no need to concern about the schools with a lack of
internet connection, because, currently, the internet connection has achieved the remote area through
procurements from the school operational assistance. Using e-learning media, the students can access
the learning material, particularly the physics material whenever and wherever they want. The online
assessment can be done by the teacher objectively to each student. E-Learning is a transformation of
the learning process in the school or university to be a digital form learning process bridged by
internet connection. Broadly, e-learning is indicated as the learning process by employing the
assistance of electronics, especially computers [7].

2

International Conference on Mathematics and Science Education 2019 (ICMScE 2019)
IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
1521 (2020) 022065 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1521/2/022065

Other than to create interesting learning, this media can be the additional learning at home and can
create the student’s creativity in either individual or group learning. It is better if the technology
development becomes a support for students to improve their learning outcomes and achievement.
Therefore, the technology can be trusted as a driving force for education success.
Based on the previous explanation, there is a need to develop physics learning media to create a
learning atmosphere that is interesting, not monotonous, and creating high learning motivation of
students which is appropriate with the current development of technology. Therefore, the researcher is
motivated to conduct the research concerning e-learning-based innovative learning set utilizing
Edmodo that aims to create the senior high school student’s creative thinking skills in momentum and
impulse learning material.
2. Methods
This research applied the experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design. The research
site was in Integrated Senior High School Wira Bhakti Gorontalo by having 20 students of the class of
X IPA 2. It was a research and development type using research stages consisting of determining
general instructional goal, analyzing student’s characteristics, determining specific instructional goals,
determining learning materials, determining the pre-test, determining teaching and learning strategies,
media, and sources, coordinating the supporting facilities, and evaluating (post-test). This design
consisted of one group, and the research process was conducted in three stages: 1) conducting pre-test;
2) implementing treatment (X), and ; 3) conducting post-test [8]. The design can be observed in the
following Figure 1:
𝑶𝟏

𝑶𝟐

X

Figure 1. Research Design One Group Pretest Posttest Design
O1 is pretest on experimental class, X is treatment on blended learning (the collaboration of
traditional learning and online-based learning, and O2 is post-test on experimental class [9]. The
analysis of the effectiveness of the learning set is obtained based on the analysis of creative thinking
ability on students. In order to find out the improvement of student’s learning achievement through elearning collaborated with Edmodo, the N-gain analysis is obtained. The formulation to calculate the
N-gain (g) value can be observed as follows:
𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒−𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒

𝑁 − 𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒−𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒

(1)

The obtained N-gain value is interpreted using Hake formula [10], which can be observed in Table
1.
Table 1. Clasification N-Gain
No.
1
2
3

Value 〈𝐠〉
〈g〉 > 0,7
0,3 ≤ 〈g〉 ≤ 0,7
〈g〉 < 0,3

Clasification
High
Small
Large

3. Result and Discussion
Test of learning achievement was one of the particular things to verify the effectiveness of the learning
set. The test given to 20 students was a creative thinking test in essay form consisting of 12 items after
treatment was given. Before providing treatment, the researcher gave evaluation (post-test) to students
to investigate the increase of student’s learning achievement to the learning process that had been
conducted. The learning set was considered effective if the test result of student’s learning

3

International Conference on Mathematics and Science Education 2019 (ICMScE 2019)
IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
1521 (2020) 022065 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1521/2/022065

achievement improved from the previous test [11]. The result of the average pre-test, post-test, and
normalized gain (N-Gain) is presented in Table 2.
Table 2. Student’s Learning Achievement Result
Value Average
Pretest
Posttest
26,56
78,13

N-gain

Criteria

0,70

Small

Table 2 shows the average value of the increase in creative thinking results for 20 students. The
average value of pre-test is 26,56%, and after treatment, it increases as many as 51,57% to become
78,13%. The classical completeness percentage of the critical thinking ability of students is 85% in the
good category. The average overall value of the influence of the use of e-learning utilizing Edmodo
toward the increase of student’s learning achievement using N-Gain (g) is 0,70 in moderate criteria.
The numbers of students who obtain the score above 75 based on the minimum passing grade standard
are 17 students, while those who obtained the score under 75 are 3 students. Therefore, this research
concludes that blended learning can improve student’s cognitive learning. The result is appropriate to
the previous research that shows the high effectiveness in implementing e-learning by having a
significance level at 0,05 [12]. The previous study also shows that the effective product to be used as a
supplement in learning with normality gain for 0,35 fulfilling the moderate criteria [13]. Another
research also reveals that the discovery of learning with the assistance of Edmodo e-learning is higher
than discovery learning [14]. Besides, another previous study obtains tcount for 5,43, which is higher
than tcritical for 1,99 with a significance level of 5%. The normality gain test shows that the average
result of the post-test improves for 0,57 and 0,52 in moderate criteria in the experimental and control
class. This research exposes that the achievement of the psychometric and affective indicator
according to descriptive analysis, the average value of the experimental class is better than the control
class. Based on the determination coefficient analysis result, this research contributes to improving
students’ learning achievement for 12,60% [14].
More clearly, it can be observed in Figure 2, which shows the average value of the student’s
creative thinking learning achievement.
100.00
78.13

80.00
60.00
40.00

26.56

20.00
0.7
0.00
Pretest

Posttest

N-Gain

Figure 2. Result of Creative Thinking Learning
4. Conclusion
Based on the findings and discussion, it can be concluded that an e-learning-based innovative learning
set employing Edmodo was effective to improve the student’s creative thinking in momentum and
impulse learning material at Integrated Senior High School Wira Bhakti Gorontalo, class of X IPA 2.
Hence, the developed learning set becomes one of the learning model alternatives.

4

International Conference on Mathematics and Science Education 2019 (ICMScE 2019)
IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
1521 (2020) 022065 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1521/2/022065

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Acknowledgments
Thanks to the Directorate of Research and Community Service, Ministry of Research, Technology and
Higher Education (DRPM Kemenristek DIKTI) and the Institute for Research and Community Service
(LPPM UNG) for facilitating this research. Also, thank you to SMA Terpadu Wira Bhakti Gorontalo
for supporting this research grant.

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